Computer Gossary

Computer Grossary Short Concepts 𝚘𝚏 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚙𝚞𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚜 𝚕𝚊𝚙𝚝𝚘𝚙 𝚜𝚖𝚊𝚛𝚝 𝚙𝚑𝚘𝚗𝚎 𝚘𝚛 Electronic science.

Flash memory -It is a type of non-volatile computer storage chip that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. 

It was developed using EEPROM.

Floppy Disk-It is a data storage device that is composed of a circular piece of thin,flexible (i.e.floppy) magnetic storage medium encased in a

square or rectangular plastic walled.

Flowcharts-These are the means of visually representing the flow of data through an information processing

operations performed within the system and system,the the sequence in which they are performed.

Front-It is a fixed typeface of a particular size and style.

Footer-On a document,it is the bottom most portion. Normally page numbers and/or dates etc. are written in footer area.

Garbage- In Garbage Out(GIGO) It belongs to the fact that most computer errors are not machine errors,they are data errors caused by incorrect input data.

𝙶𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚠𝚊𝚢- A device that is used to joint together/two networks having different base protocols.

Gigabyte -It is a unit of information or computer/storage equal to approximately one billion bytes.

𝙶𝚒𝚐𝚊𝚑𝚎𝚛𝚝𝚣-(GHz) A measurement used toidentify the speed of the central processing unit. 

One gigahertz is equal to 1 billion cycles per second.

𝙷𝚊𝚌𝚔𝚎𝚛- A computer criminal who penetrates and/tempers with computer programs or systems.

Half Duplex -It is a data transmission in which data can be transmitted in both direction on a H/signal carrier, but not at the same time.

𝙷𝚊𝚗𝚐- To crash in such a way that the computer does not respond to input from the keyboard or

𝙲𝚘𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚙𝚝𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚙𝚞𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚜 𝚜𝚌𝚒𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚎,computer,laptop,Smart phone, assocerise.

𝙷𝚊𝚛𝚍𝚠𝚊𝚛𝚎- The mechanical, magnetic, electronic and electrical components that comprises a computer system such as CPU, monitor, keyboard and mouse, etc.

𝙷𝚎𝚊𝚍𝚎𝚛- In a document,it is the top most portion.

Normally date,page numbers etc. are written in this area.

Hexadecimal Number 𝚂𝚢𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚖-it is a number system that has base 16.

𝙷𝙻𝙻- (High-Level Language) It is a programming language that is more user-friendly,to some extent platform-independent and abstract from low-level computer processor operations such as memory accesses.

Home 𝙿𝚊𝚐𝚎- A starting point or a doorway to the website. It refers to the web page that identifies a website and contains the hyperlink to other web page in the website.

Icon -A symbol (such as picture or a folder) that/represents a certain function on your computer.

When the user clicks on the icon,the appropriate function is executed.

Impact Printers -These printers transfer the image onto paper through a printing mechanism that strikes the paper called ribbon.

In Examples of impact printers are dot matrix printers and daisy wheel printers.

In Information It is the summarisation of data according to a certain pre-defined purpose.

Ink-Jet Printer In this printer, characters are formed as a result of electrically charged or heated ink being sprayed in fine jets onto the paper. 

Individual -nozzles in the printing head produce high resolution characters.

Input In order to give instructions to a computer,/the information has to be supplied to it. 

This information is given to the computers through an input device such as keyboard, mouse, scanner etc.

𝙸𝚗𝚙𝚞𝚝- Device -These devices are used to put data and instructions in computer.

Hub -A network device that connects multiple computers on a LAN, so that they can/communi- cate with one another.

Hyperlink- An image or portion of text on a web/page that is linked to another web page.

Hybrid Computer- These computer are made by taking the best features of the analog computer and digital computer.

 A simple example of this type is the computer used in hospitals.

HyperText Markup Language- (HTML) This language is used to write web page and for designing.

HyperText Transfer Protocol- (HTTP) It is an important protocol used on the world wide web for moving hypertext files across the Internet.

It requires an HTTP client program on one end and HTTP server program on other end.

Instant Messaging (IM) A chat program that lets people communicate over the Internet in real time.

I/O Port- This circuit is used to connect input and output devices to computer.

Instruction- A command or order given to a computer to perform a task.Integrated Circuits Multiple electronic com-ponents combined on a silicon chip. 

Interface- A device or program that helps a user to communicate with a computer.

Interpreter- A program that converts and executes the source code into machine code/line by line.

Internet- (also known simply as the net) It is the worldwide, publicly accessible system of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet protocol. 

Internet Surfing- To search something on Internet is called Internet surfing.

Hub -A network device that connects multiple/computers on a LAN, so that they can communicate with one another.

Hyperlink- An image or portion of text on a web page that is linked to another web page.

Hybrid Computer- These computer are made by taking the best features of the analog computer and digital computer.

 A simple example of this type is the computer used in hospitals.

HyperText Markup Language- (HTML) This/language is used to write web page and for/designing.

HyperText Transfer Protocol-(HTTP) It is an important protocol used on the world wide web for moving hypertext files across the Internet. 

It requires an HTTP client program on one end and HTTP server program on other end.

Instant Messaging- (IM) A chat program that lets people communicate over the Internet in real time.

I/O Port -This circuit is used to connect input and/output devices to computer.

Instruction- A command or order given to a/computer to perform a task.

Integrated Circuits Multiple electronic com-ponents combined on a silicon chip.

Interface -A device or program that helps a user-to communicate with a computer.

Interpreter- A program that converts and executes the source code into machine code line by line.

Internet -(also known simply as the net) It is the worldwide,publicly accessible system of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet protocol.

Internet Surfing- To search something on Internet is called Internet surfing.

Process -A collection of code,data and other system resources including at least one thread of execution that performs a data processingt ask. 

Processor- A logic circuitry that responds to and process the basic instructions that drive a computer

Program- A set instructions to perform a specific task.

Programmer -The person who makes software, does testing and work on computer.

Programming Language-A vocabulary and set of grammatic-al rules for instructing a computer to perform specific tasks.

Some common/programming languages are BASIC, C, C++,dBASE, FORTRAN and Pearl.

Programmable- Read Only Memory (PROM) A blank Read Only Memory (ROM) that is programmed with externalp rogramming equipment after manufacture.

Once programmed-,it is not re-programmable and is considered to be a ROM.

Printer -A mechanical device for printing a computer's output on paper.

Protocols -A set of rules that defines exactly how information is to be exchanged between two systems over Internet.

Pseudocode- It is a short hand way of describing a computer program.

𝙲𝚘𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚙𝚝𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚙𝚞𝚝𝚎𝚛,𝚕𝚊𝚙𝚝𝚘𝚙 ,𝚂𝚖𝚊𝚛𝚝,𝚙𝚑𝚘𝚗𝚎,𝚜𝚖𝚊𝚛𝚝,𝚊𝚜𝚜𝚘𝚌𝚎𝚛𝚒𝚜𝚎

End 𝚄𝚜𝚎𝚛- Any individual who uses the information generated by a computer based system.

𝙴𝙿𝚁𝙾𝙼-(Erasable Programmable Read Only/Memory) It is a type of computer memory chip/that retains its data when its power supply is switched off.

Ethernet -It is a modern technique which is used to connect local computers in LAN.

Excel -It allows you to create spreadsheets much/like paper ledgers that can perform automatic calculations.

𝙴𝚡𝚎- (.exe) It is a common filename extension denoting an executable file (a program) in the/DOS, MS-Windows.

𝙴𝚡𝚎𝚌𝚞𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗- Time Total time taken by computer to process some program or instruction.

Extranet -A technology that permits the users of one organisation's intranet to enter portions of another organisation's intranet in order to conduct business transactions or collaborate on joint projects.

File 𝙼𝚊𝚗𝚊𝚐𝚎𝚛- It is an operating system utility/that provides a user interface to work with file/systems.

File 𝚂𝚎𝚛𝚟𝚎𝚛- A computer on a network that stores the programs and data files shared by the users/of the network.

File Utilities -These softwares are used to control general activities of files.

𝙵𝚒𝚛𝚎𝚠𝚊𝚕𝚕- A security system usually consisting of hardware and software that prevents/unauthorised persons from accessing certain parts of a program database or network.

𝙵𝚒𝚛𝚖𝚠𝚊𝚛𝚎- It is the technology which has the combination of both hardware and software.

 It provides necessary instructions for how the device communicates with other computerh ardware.

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